why are working class Americans more likely to experience morbid obesity than upper middle class Americans? Why are African Americans more likely to have cardiovascular diseases? Why are Black women three to four times more likely to die from pregnancy-related causes than their white counterparts? Why is the mental illness rate disproportionately higher in the…

From instructor: “You will be required to read two essays and explore a common theme that both pieces share in a 3-4 page paper. Your goal will be two-fold with this assignment: you are to compare the various ideas and statements that both works have in common, and then use that comparison to analyze both…

Propane (1000 kg/hr) is to be liquefied following a two-stage compression. The inlet gas is to be at 300 K and 0.1 MPa. The outlet of the adiabatic compressor I is 0.65 MPa, and the propane enters the interstage cooler where it exits at 320 K, then adiabatic compressor II raises the propane pressure to…

A thermodynamically interesting problem is to analyze the fundamentals behind the product called “fix-a-flat.” In reality, this product is a 500 mL can that contains a volatile compound under pressure, such that most of it is liquid. Nevertheless, we can make an initial approximation of this process by treating the contents of the can as…

Two storage tanks (0.1 m3 each) contain air at 2 bar. They are connected across a small reversible compressor. The tanks, connecting lines, and compressor are immersed in a constant temperature bath at 280 K. The compressor will take suction from one tank, compress the gas, and discharge it to the other tank. The gas is…

A 2m3 tank is at 292 K and 0.1 MPa and it is desired to pressurize the tank to 3 MPa. The gas is available from an infinite supply at 350 K and 5 MPa connected to the tank via a throttle valve. Assume that the gas follows the ideal gas law with a constant heat…

An ordinary vapor compression cycle is to be operated on methane to cool a chamber to 112 K. Heat is rejected to liquid ethylene at 160 K. The temperatures in the coils are 168 K and 100 K. (ANS. online) (a) Write the relevant energy and entropy balances for the compression step. (b) Estimate the…

A Brayton gas turbine typically operates with only a small amount of fuel added so that the inlet temperatures of the turbine are kept relatively low because of material degradation at higher temperatures, thus the flowing streams can be modeled as only air. Refer to the online supplement for stream labels. Consider a Brayton cycle…

(a) Derive the energy balance for a closed, constant-volume, adiabatic-system vapor phase chemical reaction, neglecting the energy of mixing for reactants and products, and assuming the ideal gas law. (b) Suppose that a 200 L propane tank is at 0.09 MPa pressure and, due to an air leak, contains the propane with a stoichiometric quantity…

When cubic equations of state give three real roots for Z , usually the smallest root is the liquid root and the largest is the vapor root. However, the Peng-Robinson equation can give real roots at high pressure that differ from this pattern. To study this behavior, tabulate all the roots found for the specified…