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Lake Chad (causes and effects)
Lake Chad (causes and effects)
The greatest impact that has led to the degradation of Lake Chad is the population that relies on the water of Lake Chad, nearly 40 million people depending on the waters of Lake Chad. There is a large volume of water used by the government and the surrounding residents for irrigation. The human being living in the surrounding areas have also destroyed all the water catchments areas, which were the source of inlets of the Lake, thus causing the Lake to lose its inlets. In the desert approaching the Lake, the people forgot that Chad being in the Southern zone of the Sub Saharan desert, tends to receive unreliable rainfall; thus, the water available in the Lake could not support the greater population.
Lake Chad is found in the southern part of the Sub-Saharan desert, greatly influencing the Lake to continue degradation every other day has. The water level in the Lake continued to decrease through human and animal consumption, and the level of rain on the hand was a little unreliable.
Due to the degradation of Lake Chad, the millions of people that was approximated to be almost 40 million, started moving to other areas due to the increased conflicts as they tried to compete for the available water and pasture for their livestock as the Sub-Saharan desert continued approaching the Lake. Therefore, they had to look for an alternative.
There was a climatic change in the areas that caused the rise in temperatures. This led to drought over the area as rainfall disappeared, thus causing a greater shortage of food as the soil could not support any crop anymore.
Initially, a transaqua plan involved a 2,400km canal that involved transferring water from the River Congo to Lake Chad through the Canal up to the Chari River basin. Currently, we have the Great Green Wall, an initiative by the African Union to help address the land degradation and all the issues associated with that tend to hinder the development of rural areas, especially in the dry regions of Sahara. In the future, we will have a tool referred to as Earth Map that was developed by FAO that works hand in hand with Google. This tool can help anyone to be able to examine the climatic condition of a place.
That the bodies concerned with environmental conservation should ensure that they take into consideration enlightening the people the importance of environmental conversation and the consequences that are deemed if such actions are not met, they should not assume that people are already informed not until a slight issue which could have been dealt with escalates into something of a significant problem. These bodies should also ensure they can assess data to determine if an area is a water catchment area, then people should be educated about it by raising awareness and protecting the area from human contact that would impact it in a negative way.
Reference
Onuoha, F. C. (2008). Environmental degradation, livelihood, and conflicts: A focus on the implications of the diminishing water resources of Lake Chad for north-eastern Nigeria. African journal on conflict resolution, 8(2), 35-61.
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