Three Models Used in Practice
Three Models Used in Practice
The nursing profession values and borrows significantly from other disciplines. Some theories from various disciplines incorporate concepts that can be applied seamlessly to the nursing profession. Integrating these concepts from multiple disciplines allows the profession to address complex healthcare problems. The nursing profession interacts with other disciplines, such as leadership, research, and education, and theories from these areas can be used to enhance these aspects of the profession. Advanced practice roles in nursing often involve significant interactions with other disciplines, making these theories crucial. For example, advanced nursing leadership borrows significantly from leadership and management theories. This paper identifies three non-nursing models and theories, provides an overview of their characteristics, and applies each model to an advanced nursing role.
Non-Nursing Models
The first model selected is the Health Belief Model (HBM), a behavioral model that applies a psychological framework to understand and predict health behaviors. The public health theory encompasses several key characteristics and concepts, including perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, self-efficacy, Modifying factors, health motivation, cost-benefit analysis, and preventive focus (Alyafei & Easton-Carr, 2024). The theory has various key factors that influence its application and utility in advanced nursing roles. One of the key concepts includes perceived susceptibility, which refers to an individual’s belief about their likelihood of experiencing a health issue. Another concept is perceived severity, which refers to how seriously individuals believe the consequences of a health issue would be. Perceived benefits refer to the belief in the advantages of a particular health-related action, such as adopting a healthier lifestyle. Perceived barriers are the factors individuals perceive as obstacles to health-related actions, such as financial costs. The cues to action are triggers that prompt individuals to take action. Modifying factors influence health beliefs and behaviors; health motivation refers to the overall readiness to engage in health-promoting behaviors. The model emphasizes a preventative behavior focus, which is key to avoiding adverse health outcomes. The model also employs a cost-benefit approach, weighing the benefits of an action against the perceived costs and barriers.
The learning theory selected is the social learning theory. The theory, developed by Albert Bandura, suggests that individuals learn through observation, imitation, and modeling. The theory’s significant concepts include observational learning, imitation, modeling, cognitive process, reinforcement and punishment, self-efficacy, reciprocal determinism, social influence, and vicarious reinforcement (Khushk et al., 2023). The theory posits that individuals learn by observing others and can replicate the behavior they observe. The theory also posits that cognitive processes, including attention, memory, and motivation, can impact learning. In addition, behaviors can be encouraged or discouraged by the consequences. A major concept in the theory is that peers shape learning experiences, and confidence in one’s ability influences the replication of learning and behavior (Rotter, 2021). The theory also posits that individuals learn by observing the rewards and punishments others receive. Nursing practice requires understanding and application of clinical skills, hence the potential utility of the theory in nursing.
The selected leadership/management theory is transformational leadership theory. The theory emphasizes inspiring and motivating employees to achieve their optimal potential and work towards realizing their full potential, all while contributing to a shared vision. One of the key characteristics of the theory is visionary thinking, where leaders focus on and set a compelling future direction. In transformational leadership, leaders emphasize intellectual stimulation, encouraging enthusiasm and a sense of commitment (Curado & Santos, 2022). Transformational leadership fosters autonomy and professional development, supporting team members as they navigate their professional growth journeys. Transformational leadership also emphasizes individualized consideration, where leaders recognize each team member’s unique needs, skills, and knowledge (Curado & Santos, 2022). The theory also emphasizes the importance of ethical leadership, which fosters employee trust and respect. The theory also posits that transformational leadership emphasizes growth and development for both organizations and individuals. These characteristics of the theory are congruent with the transformational leadership style.
Non-Nursing Models’ Application
The Health Belief Model can be applied seamlessly to NP practice. The model can be used to guide patient education and health promotion practices. It has a preventative focus, focusing on patient-specific characteristics and their influence on behavior, and the NP can manipulate these factors to improve health outcomes. For example, an NP working with a patient at risk for heart disease can use the HBM to assess the perceived susceptibility. Azadi et al. (2021) note that professionals can utilize the HBM model to educate patients on the risk factors of the disease, such as family history and smoking, that increase the risk of disease, thereby enhancing their health preventive and preventive interventions. The NP can also assess the patient using HBM to determine how they perceive the potential consequences and effects of heart disease on their life, the potential benefits of seeking care early, and potential factors, such as cost and lack of knowledge, that can negatively impact their care-seeking behavior. The NP can tailor care interventions to address specific health factors, such as barriers to accessing care. The NP can also use the theory to motivate patients to participate in care improvement practices. For example, educating them about their high risk of developing the disease can improve their care collaboration and care-seeking behaviors, thus enhancing their overall health. Azadi et al. (2021) applied the theory to clinical practice, demonstrating that patient population education improves engagement in preventive health and health promotion.
Social learning theory can be applied to advanced nursing practice roles such as nursing education. The theory can be utilized in clinical training, preceptorship, and mentorship programs. The theory emphasizes the role of observation, allowing learners to observe an experienced advanced practice nurse practitioner (APN) demonstrate routine tasks, such as proper wound care. Additionally, the theory can be applied to clinical education, where nursing students observe and learn from experienced practitioners under supervision (Khushk et al., 2023). Reward systems, such as awarding points, can motivate expected behavior among learners. APNs can utilize the theory to organize peer learning and discussions where they practice group skills to enhance social influence in education and improve learning outcomes (Khushk et al., 2023). Guided practice, constructive feedback, and role modeling in education can foster the development of competent and confident practitioners.
Transformational leadership theory can be applied to nursing leadership, a core advanced nursing practice role. Nurse leaders can utilize transformational leadership principles such as empowerment and inspirational motivation to create an engaging and supportive work environment (Broome, 2024). For example, a nurse manager at a hospital may implement mentorship programs to empower nurses to take on leadership roles. The theory can also enhance collaboration and teamwork by encouraging open communication and cooperation. The theory’s concepts of goal setting can be used to provide unity of direction by mapping individual and department goals to the overall organization’s goals, leading to harmony and collaborative work.
Conclusion
Integrating non-nursing theories into advanced nursing roles enhances practice by providing structured approaches to patient care, education, and leadership. The health belief model can aid the NP in patient behavior modification strategies and health behavior improvement. The social learning theory supports nursing education through observational learning and can significantly influence nursing education, including clinical learning and preceptorship. Transformational leadership theory fosters an empowering work culture for nurse leaders. Incorporating these models can help nurses develop patient and patient behavior modification strategies, improve health behaviors, and enhance their practice, ultimately contributing to improved healthcare outcomes.
References
Alyafei, A., & Easton-Carr, R. (2024). The health belief model of behavior change. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
Azadi, N. A., Ziapour, A., Lebni, J. Y., Irandoost, S. F., Abbas, J., & Chaboksavar, F. (2021). The effect of education based on health belief model on promoting preventive behaviors of hypertensive disease in staff of the Iran University of Medical Sciences. Archives of Public Health, 79(1), 69. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-021-00594-4
Broome, M. E. (2024). Transformational leadership in nursing: From expert clinician to influential leader. (4th Ed). Springer Publishing Company.
Curado, C., & Santos, R. (2022). Transformational leadership and work performance in health care: The mediating role of job satisfaction. Leadership in Health Services, 35(2), 160-173. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHS-06-2021-0051
Khushk, A., Dacholfany, M. I., Abdurohim, D., & Aman, N. (2023). Social learning theory in a clinical setting: Connectivism, constructivism, and role modeling approach. Health Economics and Management Review, 3, 40-50. https://doi.org/10.21272/hem.2022.3-04
Rotter, J. B. (2021). Social Learning Theory. Expectations and Actions: Expectancy-Value Models in Psychology, 241. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003150879-12/
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A model demonstrates the theorist’s interpretation of how concepts are related to one another and are developed. Models are frequently illustrated with a graphical representation. Theoretical statements, the characteristics of the model, are used as precursors to more specific theory development. Nursing may utilize theoretical models from a variety of other disciplines, such as sociology, business, organizational leadership, biomedicine, or education.
Directions
In this assignment, you will complete an essay in Word:
- Provide an introductory paragraph related to nursing application of other discipline’s models, theories or frameworks.Complete the essay by addressing one model at a time fully.
- Identify 3 non-nursing models/ theories, one from each category, and provide 6-10 relevant characteristics, summarizing each:
- General or Behavioral Model
- Learning Theory or Model
- Leadership/ Management Theory or Model
- Next apply each model to an advanced nursing role. Select a different advanced role for EACH model /theory,
- choosing either NP practice, education, leadership/management OR research.
- Apply 5 or more characteristics of each model you have identified to the nursing role you chose and provide an example.
- Finish with a conclusion on your findings, addressing the content and application of nursing and non- nursing theories to advanced practice roles
- Contain 3-4 pages of content (no more than 5 pages), not including the title page, reference page and one appendix.
- Use five (5) credible sources of support are required.
- Follow the conventions of Standard English (correct grammar, punctuation, etc.).
- Be well ordered, logical, and unified, as well as original and insightful.
- Display superior content, organization, style, and mechanics.
- Use APA 7th edition format.
- Utilize Academic Writer found at the library https://library.purdueglobal.edu/library/apa to format your paper for you. It can help with reference formation as well.
- This paper does not require a running header, key words nor abstract.
- Level one headings within the paper are encouraged at a masters level writing assignment. APA Headings and Seriation – Purdue OWL
- Do not create your own format or hybrid of other formatting such as MLA
- APA format is the standard for nursing and this program.
- See Web Resources in the Readings List to help with format. 24/7 Nursing Help Online – Fast, Reliable, and Expert-Approved.
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