PICOT Question

Name:

Professor:

Date:

PICOT Question: Are children (P) of overweight/obese parents (I) at enhanced risk of obesity (O) compared to children of normal weight parents (C) during the ages of five and thirteen (T)?

Child obesity is a significant health problem around the world. Various studies indicated that obesity is an outcome of a complex interrelationship between social, environmental, and individual factors (Fuemmeler et al., 2013, Russell et al., 2016). Child obesity does not only affect the child’s quality of life during childhood but can also have considerable health consequences in their adulthood. While reasons for childhood obesity are not well known, obesity development can begin before two years. Fuemmeler et al. (2013) identified an obese or overweight parent as a significant risk factor at such an early age. The study noted that children between the age of 3 and 5 years were 10 to 12 times more likely to be obese if both parents are obese. Moreover, Russell et al. (2016) demonstrated that children with obese parents were physically inactive and preferred unhealthy foods. The study attributed the familial association with obesity to genetic mechanisms and environmental factors.

Parental obesity is a vital child obesity risk factor as it influences the child’s appetitive traits. A child’s appetitive trait contributes to their food intake and enhanced risk of obesity. The appetitive traits of children depend on familial risk factors, including obese parents. Fuemmeler et al. (2013) observed that children born of obese mothers during pregnancy were more likely to be obese than those born of lean parents. Childhood appetitive traits can help the researcher to generate more profound insights into the link between child obesity and parental obesity. However, it remains unclear whether parental obesity influences child obesity as they develop towards adolescent. In this case, the study aims to answer the following PICOT question:

Are children of overweight/obese parents at enhanced risk of obesity than children of normal-weight parents during the ages of five and thirteen?

The question is essential as it helps to reveal potential child obesity risk factors. Understanding the obesity risk factors can assist clinicians and nurses in designing appropriate preventive mechanisms for children and management interventions for obese children between the age of 5 and 13 years.

References

Fuemmeler, B. F., Lovelady, C. A., Zucker, N. L., & Østbye, T. (2013). Parental obesity moderates the relationship between childhood appetitive traits and weight. Obesity, 21(4), 815-823. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20144

Russell, C. G., Taki, S., Laws, R., Azadi, L., Campbell, K. J., Elliott, R., Lynch, J., Ball, K., Taylor, R., & Denney-Wilson, E. (2016). Effects of parent and child behaviors on overweight and obesity in infants and young children from disadvantaged backgrounds: Systematic review with narrative synthesis. BMC Public Health, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2801-y

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