SOLUTION: foremost factors of construction industry | My Assignment Tutor

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311495012LITERATURE STUDY ON SOCIO- ECONOMIC FACTORS OF CONSTRUCTIONINDUSTRY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIESArticle · December 2016CITATIONS0READS5932 authors, including:Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AND PRODUCTION COST OF HOLLOW CONCRETE BLOCK (HCB) WITH AND WITHOUT RED ASH IN TEPI TOWN,ETHIOPIA View projectDinesh SellakuttyAssosa University28 PUBLICATIONS 12 CITATIONSSEE PROFILEAll content following this page was uploaded by Dinesh Sellakutty on 08 December 2016.The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.ISSN: 2278 – 7798International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR)Volume 5, Issue 11, November 20163245All Rights Reserved © 2016 IJSETRLITERATURE STUDY ON SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS OFCONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY INDEVELOPING COUNTRIESSabarish. P 1 S.Dinesh 2 R.Preetha 31. PG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore –641 010, India.2.. Assistant Professsor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology,Coimbatore – 641010, India3.Assistant Professsor, Department of Civil Engineering, SNS College of Engineering ,Coimbatore -641062,India.Abstract- This literature study concerns all the foremostfactors of construction industry known as socioeconomic factors. Construction industry in developingcountries drastically influenced by such factors. Thesocio-economic factors are 1.Socio-economic stress,2.Resource shortage, 3.Institutional weakness, 4.Generalinability, 5.Plan, Design & Construction, 6.Constructionindustry development, 7.Globalisation, 8.Culture and9.Environment. Aim of This paper is to share a variousliterature study on such socio-economic factors. Alsobriefs how the construction industry in developingcountries influenced by all the above socio-economicfactors. It has been studied through the variousliteratures.Keywords-Economic development, Construction industrydevelopment, Developing nationI INTRODUCTIONThere is a famous French saying: “If constructionmoves everything moves”. Construction is a major industrythroughout the world accounting for a sizeable proportion ofmost countries‟ Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and GrossNational Product (GNP). The importance of the constructionsector is not only related to its size but also to its role as acatalyst in economic growth of the developing country.Unfortunately construction sector is one of the mostneglected and unorganized sector, in developing countries,heavily taxed as construction is still treated as a part ofluxury. No financial facilities are available from the banksfor the construction of infrastructure projects and no positivepolicy ever made from the Banks of countries as well.However, financing was made available for housing sectorbut on a very high rate of interest. The construction sectorwhich has no significant default is still considered as themost risky business sector by the banks. In additionfollowings are the some of the most important factors thathas to be consider by construction industries in developingcountries.II LITERATURES1. Socio-economic stress ( Fred Moavenzadeh and JanetAnn Koch Rossow) According to their study it is alwayssaid that, the construction industry plays a major role in anydeveloped or developing country. There are such Stressinduced for the development of the construction industry indeveloping country. Such kinds of stress arei. Economic development of developing countryii. Physical, Social & Economic needsiii. Local economical conditioni. Economic development of developing country(Dr.Pa.Kaja Mohideen)Today Indian sub continent is thesecond fastest-growing economy in the world. The Indianconstruction industry has been playing a vital role in overalleconomic development of the country. The constructionsector is also the second largest employer in the countryfollowing agriculture, employing 18 million people directlyand 14 million indirectly. Employment growth of this sectorhas reached 70% between 2004 and 2009. About 250ancillary industries such as cement, steel, brick. Timber andbuilding material are dependent on the constructionindustry. A unit increase in expenditure in this sector has amultiplier effect and capacity to generate income as high asfive times. It accounts for about 11.1% of India‟s GDP.Finally he concluded that the sector also holds importancefrom an employment point of view. As per the approachpaper for the twelfth five-year plan, the sector is expected toemploy nearly 92 million people by 2022.ii. Physical, Social and Economic needs (FredMoavenzadeh and Janet Ann Koch Rossow)The authorsalso studied about physical needs of the constructionISSN: 2278 – 7798International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR)Volume 5, Issue 11, November 20163246All Rights Reserved © 2016 IJSETRindustry in developing countries. As per the study IndustrySize, Nature of its Operation, Development of Activity AndDevelopment of Technology are the basic physical needs.As a conclusion they recommends to consider the suchfactors for their development. And according to(Arghadeep Laskar and C.V.R.Murty)The social needs ofconstruction industry in developing countries are suchInfrastructure, Housing, Disaster Resistant Construction,Water Management And Mass Transportation. Theyconcludes these are the major challenges in constructionindustry however the industry has to overcome suchchallenges as in its path of advancement. Recent experiencesof several new mega projects are clear indicators that theindustry is poised for a bright future. (Dr.Pa.KajaMohideen) Also states that Sustainable Development of theconstruction industry of India is an important indicator ofthe economic development as it creates Foreign DirectInvestment (FDI).FDI in construction development activitiesslowed by almost CAGR OF 5% between 2009-13 reachingRs.72.5billion.During the eleventh five-year plan (2007-2012), the construction sector grew at an average of 7.7 %,particularly outpacing the overall GDP Growth during 2007-08 and 2010-11. The twelfth five-year plan expects the totalmarket size of the construction sector to reach Rs.52.3trillion by the end 2017. The construction sector contributedabout 6% to the overall Gross Fixed Capital Formation(GFCF) in 2011-2015. (Arghadeep Laskar andC.V.R.Murty)Also concludes present annual expenditurebudget of india is against the backdrop of the total GrossNational Product (GNP) of the country. And this sector ofeconomic activity generally creates 4.7 times IncreasesIncome Generation. Every Rs.1 investment in theconstruction industry causes an Rs.0.80 increment in GDP.As a result the sector also increases 7.76 times inEmployment Generation potentiality. The obviousdestination of the construction sector in the country, withover 3.1 crore persons employed in it.iii. Local economical condition (Kirtee Shah) India, acountry is a federation of 28 states with their ownadministration and legislatures and 7 union Territoriesgoverned by the union government. The world‟s secondlargest country with population of over 1.25 billion (2013).Percentage of population of working age 66.29% (2012).GDP Per Capita is $4,247billion (2009). Total GDP is$4,969 billion (2009). Estimated GDP growth 5.6% (2014).Unemployment rate of the country is 3.6% (2013). WorldCompetitiveness 2014 year book ranking is 44th. WorldTalent Ranking 2014 is 48th. FDI into India is $25.53 billion(april -14 to jan-15). Construction is a vehicle for the growthof civilization. It builds structures that sustain a nation‟seconomy. Value of the construction industry in India is126billion (2013). It is a 3rd highest in spending Total costof 427billion(2013) for construction industry and as a 2ndhighest the growth of spending cost increases by 7%.Average of 11% GDP growth was based on (2000-2013).35million people are employed in construction industry andit is the 2nd highest inflow of FDI in india. Constructionequipment market is projected to grow to $7-8 billion by2016 and $16-21 billion by 2020. Infrastructure output hasgrown at an average of 5.34 % per month in the lastdecades.2. Resource Shortage ( Sri Nuwan Randunupura andChandanie Hadiwattege) Construction is the ultimateobjective of a design, and the transformation of a design byconstruction into a useful structure which is accomplishedthrough proper management ofi. Menii. Materialiii. Moneyiv. MachineryThe Project Managers must insure that these inputs areeffectively co ordinate to achieve an efficient constructionprocess.i. Men ( Dale l. Belman) have expressed his concern thatthe industry is facing an imminent shortage of skilledworkers. These concerns reflect the industry‟s longexperience with wide fluctuations in construction activityand the demand for construction workers. Even ifconstruction labour markets are not currently tight,stakeholders can be concerned with whether in the nearfuture, one to two years, increased demand for constructionwill cause the need for construction workers to rapidlyoutstrip the availability of qualified employees. Similarconcerns are expressed by the Associate Director of theAssociated Builders and Contractors in which indicates that,given the prospective 32% growth in demand forconstruction workers from 5.6 in 2013 to 7.4 million in2020. Employment in construction remains almost 2.2million workers lower than its peak in the middle of the lastdecade; unemployment remains around 10% of the labourforce even at the height of the construction season; there are10 construction workers for every job opening in theindustry while the economy wide ratio is 2 workers peropening.ii. Material (A.A.Gulghane, and Prof P.V.Khandve) Inrecent treads a wide range of building materials is availablefor the construction of civil engineering structures. The totalcost of materials may be up to 60% or more of the total costincurred in construction project dependent upon the type ofproject. Effective construction materials management is akey to success for a construction project. Construction wasteis another serious problem in construction industry. Theauthers presents a review on systematically investigation ofthe material management techniques and control ofconstruction waste. As a result they concludes poor handlingof construction materials affects the overall performance ofconstruction projects in terms of cost, time, quality andproductivity. Pre planning and material procurement areequally important in controlling the total project cost. Itreveals that the minimization of materials wastage duringthe construction phases is important in order to avoid loss ofprofits.iii. Money (Abdussalam Shibani and KumarArumugam) The aim of their study is to identify the majorreasons for cost overruns in construction projects in india asISSN: 2278 – 7798International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR)Volume 5, Issue 11, November 20163247All Rights Reserved © 2016 IJSETRwell as the critical success factors that are helping to avoidthe cost over runs. The effective critical success factorsinclude appropriate planning in the initial stages, skills ofcontractors and architects, good relationship and regularcoordination among client and contractor and earlycontribution of contractor with the project. The idealmethods that helps to reduce cost overruns include efficientplanning, proper management of site and supervision of theproject, suitable planning and arrangement of project, propermethods for construction, regular meetings on developmentof the project and hiring proficient subcontractors andsuppliers. From the findings and analysis, it can beconcluded that certain critical factors are also affects theobjective of construction projects, like budget, performanceand quality and completion of project on time. This is thereason of this examination attempted to distinguish thediscriminating achievement components to evade theexpense invades in the development ventures in India.iv. Machinery ( Prajeesh. V.P and N.Sakthivel)Construction machinery or equipment is a major resource inthe building process for a construction project. Theincreased size and cost of equipment and the existence ofeconomic factors such as inflation, obsolescence and interestrates have complicated decision analysis of equipmentproblems. This complicated environment calls for propermanagement of this asset to optimize the rate of investmentand eventually improves profits. Some contractors havedeveloped a uniform equipment policy from whichestablished rules and procedures are drawn for prudentmanagement of their equipment. As they concludes, onlyone third of the construction industries were found to havedocumented policies, it was found that there is a uniformpractice of management among industries. The main goal ofany management policy is to enable optimization ofresources and maximization of profits. The managementpractices of the construction industries of India suggest thatthey achieve the goals of good management, and they followthe best practice suited to their conditions.3. Institutional weakness ( Bonga Ntuli and Dr. DhirenAllopi) Civil engineers contractors encounters seriouschallenges in order to sustain their business, especially in aweak economic climate. A certain level of constructionexperience, expertise and training are required to manage asustainable construction company. The ConstructionIndustry Development Board (CIDB) was established in2000 as a statutory body to provide leadership to stakeholderand stimulate sustainable growth, reform and improvementof the construction sector for effective infrastructuredelivery and improvement of construction skills. The majorchallenges education or institutional failed to teach us, areBusiness cash flow, Corruption in the industry, Policies forcontractors, Lack of CIDB‟S role understanding andPartnership approach. Their conclusion appears that currenteducation strategies are not designed to accommodate suchpeople. New strategies need to be applied and differentlearning styles to be properly managed by educators andresearchers with tangible knowledge of the deficiencies andthe needs of the industry. Industry stakeholders need todevelop well researched development programs inconjunction with academia. The attitude towards each otherneeds to change to achieve a common goal, the design ofcontractor development programs which relate to the needsof the construction industry if construction programs are tosurvive in tertiary institutions.4. General Inability (Ofori Ametepey, ClintonAigbavboa and Kwame Ansah) Sustainable constructionefforts in some countries have been unsuccessful due tonumerous barriers to its successful implementation. Thisstudy identifies and priorities likely barriers to successfulimplementation of sustainable construction and measures toovercome potential barriers. The factors identified asbarriers are grouped under six components as Financialbarriers, Political barriers, Management/ Leadershipbarriers, Technical barriers, Social-cultural barriers andKnowledge/ Awareness barriers. From 31 factors identifiedby the construction practitioners as potential barriers to theimplementation of sustainable construction factor analysisenabled 27 of them to be placed under the above sixcomponents. To ensure the successful implementation ofsustainable construction, Government with the support ofstakeholders in the construction industry should come upwith special legislations, codes or standards relating tosustainable construction practices, Disussions, seminars,training and workshops on sustainable construction and itsimportance should initiated by stakeholders in the industry,there is the need for government to introduce some fiscalincentives. Government agencies on their part shouldembark on applicable policies that could provide criticalsupport to make sustainable construction feasible.5. Plan, Design and Construction (Dr.Pa.KajaMohideen) Construction is a feat of human multitasking.Normally the job is managed by a project manager andsupervised by a construction project manager, designengineer, construction engineer or project architect. For thesuccessful execution of a project effective factors involvedarei. Planii. Designiii. Constructioni. Plan ( Ali Jaafari) Published criticism in recent yearsconcerning the inadequacy of Project Planning. The analysisreveals that, despite numerous criticism project andconstruction planning should be done using CPMscheduling. Main factors affecting successful planning arerealistic estimation of the productivity of crews in thecontext of expected job-management efficiency conditionsand inclusion of sufficient time buffers between dissimilartrades. CPM is found to be equally useful as a planning toolfor linear or repetitive projects. (Dr.Javier Irizarry andDr. Rosli Mohamad Zin) Their aim is to develop aprototype of a Sustainable Construction Planning System(SCPS) in order to mittiagte the negative impacts of theconstruction industry on the environment. The SCPSautomatically provides the essential information which isrequired to perform sustainable construction for achievingISSN: 2278 – 7798International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR)Volume 5, Issue 11, November 20163248All Rights Reserved © 2016 IJSETRsuperior quality in both performance and economic terms ofa project. (Robby Soetanto, Chris I.Goodier, Simon A.Austin, Andrew R.J.Dainty and Andrew D.F. Price)Strategic Planning is a key management function whichprovides future direction and helps determine thecompetitiveness of companies. Strategic Planning is acritical management functions which could ensure the longterm survival of construction organizations and it will shapecompany characteristics and determine the market in whichit is going to operate.ii. Design ( Rebecca Mirsky and Anthony D.Songer) Thisconcept is evolving toward a regenerative design approachthat promotes a triple top line, moving accountability to thebeginning of the design process by assigining value tovariety of factors.There is an increasingly important need for proactiveparticipation from the construction community in this newgeneration of sustainability efforts. Otherwise there will be awidening gap between design and construction. This paperexamines the triple top line in the context of constructionprojects and identifies opportunities for constructionprofessionals. Schematic Design is an initial design schemethat seeks to define the general scope and conceptual designof the project. At the end of schematic design phase theconsultant will present some very rough sketches to theowner for approval. Design Development a stage subsequentto schematic design, decisions are worked out in greaterdetail. A clear and coordinated description of all aspects ofthe building. At the end of the design development definesthe site plan, floor plan and exterior elevations. ConstructionDocuments that set forth the detailed requirements for theconstruction of a building project. They consist of Drawingsand specification, drawings are the illustrative component ofconstruction documents, whereas Specification are writtenrequirements pertaining to building materials, equipmentsand construction systems.iii. Construction( Dr.Richard J. Sebastian and BillDavison) The primary purpose of this research was toexamine the perceived consequences of the major contractadministration problems in construction examined werecontract delays, contract costs and contract termination.They were more likely than no consequences for all contractexcept leases and the types of contract. As a resultprocurement professionals to identify the likely contractadministration problem and their casual risk for a specificcontract type. That helps to identify the methods to controlrisk by avoiding, shifting, minimizing or accepting risk.(Unmesh.Y.Polekar and Rohit.R.Salgude) Properscheduling is very important in construction projects forreducing and controlling delays if the project. Scheduling isdetermination the timing of events in the project. Schedulingcan also defined as the detailed plan of the project worktasks with respect to time. Activities on the site with respectto execution of the residential project are thoroughlyobserved and comparison is made between scheduled andactual executed schedule. (Jaakko Kujala, Tim Brady andJaakko Putila) Complex Products and Systems (CoPS) toaddress the challenges of managing costs. Identification ofseveral challenges in performing various cost managementfunctions related to cost estimation, cost control andmonitoring, revenue recognition, profitability analysis andmargin calculations. The cost management functions areimpacted by large size, complexity, uncertainty anduniqueness of those projects.(Gregory A.Howell) Theorigin of lean production are reviewed and a claim madethat it is a new form of production management, that isneither mass nor craft. Then the applicability of leanproduction in construction is considered and nature of leanconstruction discussed in comparison with current practice.Clear set of objective for the delivery process, aimed atmaximizing performance for the customer at the projectlevel, concurrent design of product and process, and theapplication of production control throughout the life of theproduct from design to delivery.6. Construction Industry Development ( George Ofori)The subjects studied in the research programme haveincluded the nature of the construction industry, itsimportance in development. Elements of the process ofconstruction industry development are focusing oncontractors and technology development. Finally theconcepts of leadership, ethics and transparency and theirimportance on construction projects and in the constructionindustry were also studied. The focus is on the developmentof national construction industries to enable them to meetthe huge demands to improve the capacity and effectivenessof the construction industry to meet the InfrastructureFacilities, National Economic and social Development,Money Value to Industry, Domestic Competitiveness, Roleof Participants and Stakeholders, Technological and HumanResource Development. (P.R. Swarup) ConstructionIndustry Development Council (CIDC) is the apex body ofconstruction industry of india. The paper describes in briefthe political, Social and Legal framework. The paper detailsthe economic overview, administrative and regulatoryfeatures, enhancement and development of Indianconstruction industry. The Indian economic environmentand system and procedure would further boost theconstruction industry development.7. Globalisation ( Afaf Abbasi and David Baidry) Theworld has been recently exposed to phenomenal globalchanges in different fields including Economy, Technologyand Communications. The term „Globalisation‟ has beenused in connection with these changes and theirconsequences. The aim of this paper is to understand theterm „globalisation‟ and to study its implication for theworld economy in general and the construction industry indeveloping countries. The literature recommended thatbusiness organizations, particularly construction industry ofdeveloping countries should continuously consider andevaluate the opportunites and threats provided byglobalization. (Gearge R Najjir,Philip C love and GoranRuneson) There are many issues in regard to the impact ofglobalization on the construction industry. Some are generalfor example the polarization if the global economy, the newrules and regulations controlled by organisations such asWorld Trade Organisation (WTO), unrestricted internationalcapital flows and influence of shareholders on the directionISSN: 2278 – 7798International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR)Volume 5, Issue 11, November 20163249All Rights Reserved © 2016 IJSETRof the organization. Others are specific to the constructionindustry such as influence of globalization on constructionindustry development are stock exchanges and non listedconstruction related process. This paper examines some ofthese construction specific issues in context of the limitedknowledge of their specific implications on the globalizationof that industry.8. Culture ( Syed Nihas, Kristen C. Barlish, JacobKashiwagi and Dean T. Kashiwagi) This paper analyzesthe potential impact of the indian culture on the poorperformance. The authors propose to identify the uniquecultural issues, identify using the Construction IndustryStructure (CIS) model the impact of the cultural issues onthe construction industry and identification of a potentialsolution to the problems. The paper proposes to test thesolution in actual tests with industry participants. Whatmakes this research unique is the approach of usingdeductive logic to create aa simple solution, and then convincing a major researchclient to test the proposal. Indian construction industrytotally different from other foreign construction industriesand to propose a solution to overcome the culture andimprove the industry efficiency and performance. Castehierarchy, societal control,Management practice, Directionand control and corruption of such Indian culture may havean adverse impact on the construction industry in india.(Serkan Kivrak, Andrew Ross and Gokhan Arslan)Understanding and successfully managing culturaldifferences can provide several advantages for project aswell as company success. On the other hand problem arisingfrom cultural differences can cause waste of resources anddelay of construction. The specific objectives oof this studyare to find out the opinions of managers about the possibleeffects of cultural diversity on some management practicesin the construction business, the relationship between themanagement of cultural diversity and success. Thehighlighted practices that can be significantly influenced bycultural difference were human resource management,knowledge management, communication management,safety management, time management and negotiation.9. Environment (Adnan Enshassi, Bernd Kochendoerferand Ehsan Rizq) Construction sector is considered as oneof the main sources of environmental pollution in the world.It has massive direct and indirect effects on theenvironment. The aim of this paper to assess theenvironmental impacts due to construction projectsactivities and propose some suggestion in curbing downthese adverse impacts. The environmental impacts arecategorized into three safeguard subjects: ecosystem, naturalresources and public impacts. The results of this studyrevealed that dust generation, noise pollution, operationswith vegetation removal, and air pollution are the mostsignificant environmental impacts of construction projects.The results also revealed that labours and those who areworking in construction sector are the most slices of peopleexposing every day to health problems such as respiratoryproblems, liver cancer, hearing impairment, hypertension,annoyance, sleep disturbance and other cardiovascularadverse effects. In addition the public impacts was found asthe most important category that affect the environment. Itis recommended to enhance the knowledge and awarenessof construction participants with regard to environmentimpacts of construction and enforcing institutions toconduct environmental impact assessment EIA) in the earlystage of the projects. The results of this study can helpdecision makers to identify major construction impacts onenvironmental and make environmental friendlyconstruction plans in the stages of construction.III CONCLUSIONStudy on socio-economic factors of construction industry indeveloping countries concludes that, the socio-economicfactors such as 1.Socio-economic stress, 2.Resourceshortage, 3.Institutional weakness, 4.General inability,5.Plan, Design & Construction, 6.Construction industrydevelopment, 7.Globalisation, 8.Culture and 9.Environment.The general characteristics of various socio-economicfactors and also the influences of such socio-economicfactors on construction industries in developing countrieshas been studied through various authors and theirliteratures. These are the major factors that helps theconstruction industry development in developing countries.Every construction organistion in the developing countryhas to be responsible to consider such factors for theefficient and successful practices of construction industry indeveloping countries.IV REFERENCES[1] Fred Moavenzadeh and Janet Ann Koch Rossow, “TheConstruction Industry In Developing Countries”,Technology adaptation program.[2] Dr.Pa.Kaja Mohideen, “An Overview of ConstructionSector in Indian Economy”, International Journal inManagement and Social Science (Impact Factor-3.25).[3] Arghadeep Laskar and C.V.R Murty, “ChallengesBefore Construction Industry in India”, Indian Institute ofTechnology,Kanpur.[4] Kirtee Shah, “Agenda 21 Sustainable Construction inDeveloping Countries- The Indian Case”, KSA DesignPlanning Services and Ahmedabad Study Action Group(ASAG).[5] Sri Nuwan Randunupura and Chandanie Hadiwattege,“Plant And Equipment Management To Minimize Delays InRoad Construction Projects”, The Second constructionSymposium 2013: Socio- Economic Sustainability inConstruction.[6] Dale L.Belman, “Skilled Labour Shortage in theConstruction Industry? It‟s Not Demonstrated in theNumbers, School of Human Resources and Labor Relations.[7] A.A.Gulghane and P.V.Khandve, “Management forConstruction Materials and Control of Construction WasteISSN: 2278 – 7798International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR)Volume 5, Issue 11, November 20163250All Rights Reserved © 2016 IJSETRin Construction Industry”, International Journal ofEngineering Research and Applications.[8] Abdussalam Shibani and Kumar Arumugam, “AvoidingCost Overruns in Construction Projects In India,Management Studies, Coventry University.[9] Prajeesh. V.P and N.Sakthivel, “Management ofEquipment & Machinery in Construction”, InternationalJournal of Innovative Science,Engineering & Technology.[10] Bonga Ntuli and Dr.Dhiren Allopi, “Impact ofInadequate Experience and Skill on the Construction Sectorin KwaZulu-Natal, Engineering,Technology and AppliedScience Research.[11] Ofori Ametepey, Clinton Aigbavboa and KwameAnsah, “Barriers to successful implementation ofsustainable construction in the Ghanaian constructionindustry”, 6th International Conference on Applied HumanFactors and Ergonomics.[12] Robby Soetanto, Chris I.Goodier, Simon A. Austin,Andrew R.J.Dainty and Andrew D.F. Price. “EnhancingStrategy Planning in the UK Construction Industry”, 3rdInternational Conference on Organizational Foresight:Learning the Future Faster.[13] Dr.Javier Irizarry and Dr. Rosli Mohamad Zin, “TheDevelopment Of A Sustainable Construction PlanningSystem”, Journal Of Information Technology InConstruction.[14] Dr.Richard J. Sebastian and Bill Davison, “The RootCauses Of Contract Administration Problems”, ContractAdministration, Workplace aggression and incivility and fanloyalty.[15] Unmesh.Y.Polekar and Rohit.R.Salude, “Planning,Scheduling and Tracking of a residential project usingPrimavera Software”, International Journal of AdvanceResearch in Computer Science and Management Studies.[16] Jaako Kujala, Tim Brady and Jaako Putila, “Challengesof Cost Management in Complex Projects”, InternationalJournal of Business and Management.[17] Gregory A.Howell, “What is lean construction”, LeanConstruction Institute , University of California.[18] George Ofori, “Nature Of The Construction Industry,Its Needs And Its Development: A Review Of Four DecadesOf Research”, Journal of Construction in DevelopingCountries.[19] P.R.Swarup, “Indian Construction Industry”,13th AsiaConstruct[20] Afaf Abbasi and David Baldry, “The Impact OfGlobalization On The Construction Industries OfDeveloping Countries”, Research Institute for the Built andHuman Environment.[21] George R Najjir,Philip C Love and Goran Runeson,“Issues For The Globel Construction Market”, TheAustralian Journal of Construction Economics & Building.[22] Syed Nihas, Kristen C. Barlish, Jacob Kashiwagi andDean T. Kashiwagi, The Impact of Culture on the IndianConstruction Industry”, Journal for the Advancement ofPerformance Information and Value.[23] .Serkan Kivrak, Andrew Ross and Gokhan Arslan,“Effects of Cultural Difference in Construction Projects:AnInvestigation Among UK Construction Proffessionals”,International Conference on Multi-National ConstructionProjects “Securing high Performance through Culturalawareness and Dispute Avoidance”.[24] Adnan Enshassi, Bernd Kochendoerfer and Ehsan Rizq,“An Evaluation of Environmental Impacts Of ConstructionProjects”, Revista Ingenieria de Construccion International[25] Raza Ali Khan, “Role of Construction Sector inEconomic Growth: Empirical Evidence from PakistanEconomy”, First International Conference on ConstructionIn Developing Countries ( ICCIDC – I).View publication stats