injurious stimuli, and restoring tissue integrity. In neurodegenerative diseases inflammation occurs as a local response driven by microglia, in the absence of leucocyte infiltration. Like peripheral inflammation, neuroinflammation may become a harmful process, and it is now widely accepted that it may contribute to the pathogenesis of many central nervous system disorders, including chronic neurodegenerative diseases.
Metabolism, like other aspects of life, involves tradeoffs. Oxidant by-products of normal metabolism cause extensive damage to DNA, protein, and lipid. This damage (the same as that produced by radiation) is a major contributor to aging and to degenerative diseases of aging such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, immune-system decline, brain dysfunction, and cataracts.
Antioxidant defenses against this damage include ascorbate, tocopherol, and carotenoids. Dietary fruits and vegetables are the principal source of ascorbate and carotenoids and are one source of tocopherol. Low dietary intake of fruits and vegetables doubles the risk of most types of cancer as compared to high intake and also markedly increases the risk of heart disease and cataracts.
Since only 9% of Americans eat the recommended five servings of fruits and vegetables per day, the opportunity for improving health by improving diet is great.
Chapter 7, starting page 229, is titled Some Vitamins function as Antioxidants. This section summarizes some of the accumulating evidence in clarifying and confirming the roles of antioxidants in preventing chronic diseases. It also revisit the advantages of foods over supplements. it supplies a detailed explanation of the troublemaker molecule called, free radical. If you have the eText, watch the video link provided.
Together, nutrients and phytochemicals with antioxidant activity minimize damage and prevent disease in the following ways:
limiting free-radical formation
destroying free radicals or their precursors
stimulating antioxidant enzyme activity
repairing oxidative damage
stimulating repair enzyme activity
supporting a healthy immune system
These actions play key roles in defending the body against chronic diseases such as cancer and heart disease.
In this discussion assignment you will research for foods that are anti-inflammatory and antioxidants. Describe clearly and sufficiently any five of those foods and their role in inflammation and/or metabolism. Cite your sources.
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