International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-2, December 2019440Published By:Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering& Sciences PublicationRetrieval Number: B6435129219/2019©BEIESPDOI: 10.35940/ijitee.B6435.129219Abstract: The Automobile is the most complex product, and thedevelopment of a vehicle will take years of Research andDevelopment (R&D) starting from designing, analyzing theproduct structure from sub-levels, building prototypes, testing theprototypes, finalizing the vehicle to manufacture. It is alsoessential to find the correct suppliers to manufacture thecomponents, parts for the vehicle, assembly of all these to thevehicle, and go through examination and analysis of variousstages of the processes in building the vehicle, and it is a herculeantask. With the increase in competitiveness in the Automobileindustry, the Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM’s) want toreduce their investments in manufacturing, keeping corecompetencies of R&D within the industry, and outsourcingremaining functionaries to Tire companies. The main goal of thispaper is to illustrate the step by a step manufacturing process thatis needed to produce an Automobile. And explaining each step thattakes the Automobile from sheet metal to complete product, thishelps to understand the process chain, logistical and distributionnetwork that an Automobile follows throughout its Product LifeCycle (PLC).Keywords: Manufacturing, System, Automotive, Stamping,BIW, Painting, Final AssemblyI. INTRODUCTIONAutomobile Industry is one of the most complex andmost dynamic industries in the engineering division, and it isthe engineering marvel created by humankind. In recent yearsthere is an increase in demand in the industry due to fiercecompetition, product life cycle change, and an increase incustomer demand [1]. With faster growth in the sector,Automobile industry’s major issues concerned withcustomers’ need for variety, variants, design stylings, safety,comfort, and within the industry’s internal problems related toElimination of Waste in processes, Process Efficiency,Manufacturing Efficiency and improvement in OverallEquipment Effectiveness (OEE). Due to these globalconcerns, most of the Original Equipment Manufacturers(OEM’s) are shifting the manufacturing scenario where theyconcentrate only on core components of the Automobilein-house and outsourcing most of the AutomobileRevised Manuscript Received on December 05, 2019.Correspondence AuthorD.Phanindra Kshatra*, Department of Mechanical Engineering,Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Vijayawada,India, [email protected]S. Akhil, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru LakshmaiahEducation Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Vijayawada, India.Ch. Uday Kiran, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KoneruLakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Vijayawada, India.Ch. Yaswanth, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KoneruLakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Vijayawada, India.M. Vineeth, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KoneruLakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Vijayawada, India.components to the reliable vendors and suppliers dependingon their availability [3].These OEM are concentrating mostly on R&D functionsand manufacturing critical, value-added, technologicallyadvanced operations of high capital investments in-house andleave the rest to vendors and suppliers [3].In the Automobile industry, there is a lot ofmanufacturing processes that happen to start from theselection of different materials for the requirement of theAutomobile [5]. People in the Automobile industry will havea lot of research going on the range and designing of a singlecomponent [4]. The present-day industry does notcompromise on the aspect of the quality of its products [4] bymaintaining a benchmark standard to sustain in the market [5].In case of selection of material for the chassis, the R&Ddepartment of any Automobile industry will carry on differentkinds of analysis for the chassis by considering differentmaterials into considerations [5]. One of the fewer weightmaterials available in the market is aluminium [5]. They willbe the diverse composition of aluminium is possible; thebehaviours of these materials will vary [4]. So, the suitablematerial will be taken into the consideration of design byResearch and Development engineers [5]. Aluminium is usedonly for high speed and sports vehicles due to its cost factor.But by using aluminium, it reduces the weight of theAutomobile, and thereby it reduces the load on the primemover. It will directly impact the overall Efficiency of theAutomobile [5].And after the selection process is over, we will againmake the prototype of the BIW or Chassis, and we will still dothe analysis for the prototype and will observe the results[7].In our Automobile, we also involve FMS systems for themobility of the components or raw materials of the industry.Will reduce a lot of random times in the industry and therebyincreasing the overall Efficiency of the Automobile industry[6]. Even in the welding process, which is a significant part ofthe joining Process in the Automobile industry will beundergoing different tests to know the strength of the weldand which type of welding process will have a better life [8].Process Design and System Layout for anAutomobile Manufacturing and Assembly PlantD. Phanindra Kshatra, S. Akhil, Ch. Uday Kiran, Ch. Yaswanth, M. VineethProcess Design and System Layout for an Automobile Manufacturing and Assembly Plant441Published By:Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering& Sciences PublicationRetrieval Number: B6435129219/2019©BEIESPDOI: 10.35940/ijitee.B6435.129219II. STEP-BY-STEP AUTOMOTIVEMANUFACTURING PROCESS:Figure 1: Major Departments and workflow forAutomotive Plant (2)Major departments that involve in Automotive Manufacturingare Stamping Department, Body-In-White Department,and/or Chassis Department, Foundry Department, PaintingDepartment, Manifold Department, Final AssemblyDepartment [2].III. LIMITATIONSIn this paper, the discussion is about the entire outline ofthe plant layout for the Automobile industry and divided intotwo-part, one is the main process flow from stamping to thefinal assembly, and the second part is foundry. The foundrytreated as the secondary part of the Automobile industry, andagain, it is brought back into the main process flow in theassembly operation. So, for the simplified analysis, this paperis excluding the foundry part and mainly concentrating on themain process flow of the Automobile industry.The Assumptions and/or Limitations that considered in thederiving process flow of the Automobile industry are1. The chassis that discussed in this paper for theanalysis is a monocoque chassis.2. The most parts and/or components of an Automobilemanufactured with in the industry itself.3. The analysis was done by neglecting small parts of theAutomobile.4. This paper is through the outline of the Automobileindustry.5. This paper does not follow any single Automobileindustry or model of vehicle.6. This process flow and specifics of the productionprocess may vary from one industry to another.7. This paper only reflected the main process flow andhad excluded the foundry part of the industry.IV. DEPARTMENT WISE PROCESSES:A. Stamping DepartmentThe press shop/stamping is a department in theautomotive industry and is the foremost Process in themanufacturing of an Automobile production and use dies andpunches to cut the sheet metal into required shapes [9], [10].The stamping department is responsible for the production ofa complete vehicle body [9]. Stamping It involves a metalcutting process where the coils of metal cut into uniformdimensions into smaller sheets, and particular shape formedwith the help of different presses for different components foran Automobile Body [9]. It is a forming process in whichextreme pressure is applied on the sheet metal blank within itsplasticity limit to obtain the desired shape. The main reasonfor the stamping process is to produce parts of any dimensionand shape out of sheet metal. [10]The stamping department is responsible for makingAutomobile Body parts like the bonnet, hood, doors, roof, etc.It consists of various sheet metal operations like blanking,coining, hemming, flanging, embossing, etc. Every part maynot undergo every process in stamping, as it depends on thecomplexity of the piece. Stamping operations performed invarious stamping stations that use a die and a Mechanicalpress of a specific part for forming the desired shape [11].A Stamping department produces the car’s completeexternal shape. An Automobile requires around 40 to 50significant panels, and most of them are produced in houseand don’t want to outsource because of the defined geometryand quality of the Automobile [12], [13]. Most of the smallersheet metal components manufactured by Tire Companies[12], [13]. To produce these panels, it will take 100- 200 diesand change-over of these dies, depending on the variant of thevehicle, which is the most essential and crucial Process instamping [12], [13].Stamping Process is divided into two parts 1) MaterialProduction Process and 2) Panel Production Process. TheMaterial Production Process starts from the wounded coil tillthe blanking press where the coil transferred from de-coiler,feeder, strip-wash, and lubrication and cuts into panels by diesin Blanking Processes. In Panel Production Process, PressMachines are used to produce the designed panel componentsof required shapes and sizes [12], [13].The flowchart describes the flow of different operationssequentially in the stamping process. The flowchart is drawn,keeping in view of every all the parts of a car body. So everyoperation may not be performed on the sheet metal blank.Figure 2: Sheet Metal Panels for Car Body ()International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-2, December 2019442Published By:Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering& Sciences PublicationRetrieval Number: B6435129219/2019©BEIESPDOI: 10.35940/ijitee.B6435.129219Figure 3: Stamping Department (3), (4)* Processes depend on the type of body parts.The processes involved in the Stamping Department are1. Coil Transfer Handling2. De-Coiler3. Feeder4. Strip Washing5. Adjustments and Lubrication6. Blanking Press7. Material Feed8. Tool Change-over (or) Tool Set-up9. Drawing10. Forming11. Re-Strike12. Piercing13. Flanging14. Hemming15. Trimming16. Scrap and Recycling17. Panel Measurements according to dimensions18. Finished part removal19. Material Transport and Storage Firstly, the sheet metal coil fed through a de-coiler tothe strip washing plant. After washing, necessaryadjustments and lubrication did. Depending on the size of the body panel, the blankingof the strip done to the required dimensions. The blanked sheets fed to the stamping press, and thepunching done with the appropriate die. Other operations like hemming, flanging, piercing,restrike are done if the required product has acomplex shape. Trimming is done to remove theexcess material is present in it. It is to ensure the precision of the part that hadproduced, inspection will be done on it, and theapproved parts sent to the inventory storage. The scrap produced during this stamping processrecycled for reusing the material. Every part will not require all operations. So,changing of tool or die will be done for the requiredparts.An Automobile body may contain more than 1500 stampings,and nearly 60-70% of metal parts of an Automobile made byplastic forming [12], [13].Hydroforming is a newly constituted technology in theautomotive industry as it offers distinguished advantagescompared to conventional manufacturing processes. In thisProcess, fluid pressure is applied to the metallic blanks toform desired component shapes. The amount of scrapmaterial observed for the conventional stamping process is20-30%, whereas, for hydroforming, it reduced to 0-10%.Hydroforming has many applications like automotive enginecradle, camshafts, exhaust pipes [14].B. Body-In-White DepartmentBIW standards for Body-In-White. BIW is a stage inAutomobile manufacturing. Here the complete body shell ofthe Automobile is welded and structure from all the sheetmetals formed into sub-assembliesThe assemblies of all the Frames and Panels of both StructuralComponents,as well as the exterior parts of an Automobile combined withhomogeneous materials, form car body structure. BIW doesnot include doors, engines, and other moving parts.Components of BIW are1) A-Pillar2) B-Pillar3) C-Pillar4) D-Pillar (Depends on Car Variant)5) Roof Frame/ Roof Structure / Roof Panel6) Floor and other Panels7) Front and Rear Longitudinal Beam8) Rocker/ Side Sill9) Dashboard Mounting Panel10) Hood (Frame and Panel)11) Front Fenders (Right and Left)12) Rear Fenders (Right and Left)13) Decklid/ Trunk lid/ Tailgate (Frame and Panel)14) Doors (Frame and Panel)15) Dashboard Mounting Panel16) Cross Member17) Fire Wall18) Floor, Seat and Boot PanFigure 4: B-I-W Department (3), ()BIW consists of a different kind of joining Processeslike welding, soldering, brazing, adhesive bonding andmechanical joints we use all this joining Process according tothe need of the components that we join [15]. In BIW, one cancome across different types of components with differentshapes. And there is a material property of each material varythat from the other, and the metallurgical processes might alsoneed to join dissimilar metals that are used to join differentcomponents together and derive the desired shape [15].In BIW, the most commonly used material for themanufacturing of the components is steel, and there will bedifferent compositions of steels that we use in theAutomobiles according tousage and the loads thatapplied to the members [16].In BIW, the hot-stamped steelProcess Design and System Layout for an Automobile Manufacturing and Assembly Plant443Published By:Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering& Sciences PublicationRetrieval Number: B6435129219/2019©BEIESPDOI: 10.35940/ijitee.B6435.129219is used up to 30% of the total material that we use in BIW[16]. The main reason for the usage of hot-stamped steel isthat it has relatively low weight when compared to most of thesteels, and it also has more crash resistance and high strengthat a very low cost [16]. The HSS (High-Speed Steel) is themajor material used in the structural components of the BIW[17]. The weight of any material and its strength plays animportant role in the selection of the material. Most of thepanels and components in the BIW will be coming from theStamping process, where we will convert the sheet metal rollsinto different panels and components. At an average, the BIWwill have 2206 weld spots involved, the majority part of thiswelding process is to join the pillar parts of the Automobilechassis [17]. The maximum part of the welding operationsdone by robots [17].The BIW in our will be mainly having five majorassembly stations. They are listed below1. Under Body2. Side panel assembly (exterior & interior)3. Toy tab4. Framing5. Panel line6. Assembly [15].In the Automobile industry, we will maintain storage forevery component to reduce the entire manufacturing time inthe industry [16]. So, in our design of BIW, consideration ofstorage for every component that is coming out from theStamping shop and directly takes out components that need toassemble from the storage only [17].In the BIW process plan that we have adopted, we canclearly say that the Process in Underbody and side panelassembly (exterior & interior) are independent Processes andcan be done simultaneously with any interference. In contrast,the toy tab is dependent on the Underbody and thesub-assemblies of the front and rear. So, by this, we can saythat BIW consists of both independent and dependent processflow [18], [19].Under Body: – Under Body assembly, majorly consists of3 parts that are the front floor, rear floor and enginecompartment this will make a platform for the entire BIW andeach component is assembled on the Underbody [18], [19].And the type chassis that we are taking into the considerationfor the entire layout is a monocoque chassis, where we willnot find and ladder structure to assemble the BIW [18], [19].So, in our analysis of monocoque chassis, the Underbody willact as a basic structural frame to assemble the components[18], [19].Side Panel Assembly: – This side panel assembly consistsof both outer and inner panels like in Underbody. They willalso come from the stamping process. They will be taken fromthe store directly. This inner panels will also be housing theguideways for the electrical lining. In contrast, the outerpanels will be like smooth finished work without anypenetrations on them [18], [19]. This panel assembly willmainly have the pillars of the Automobile like A pillar, Bpillar, and C pillar according to the design of the Automobilethis pillar may vary [18], [19]. This side panel assembly willbe directly going to the framing process, and this assemblymight have some buffer time to it because the framing isdependent on the toy tab [18], [19].Toy Tab: – Toy Tab can also be called as main bodystation because the Underbody and the sub-assemblies offront and rear are taken together and joined here [18], [19].The toy tab is a dependent process because it mainly dependson the underbody assembly and sub-assemblies [18], [19].The further step of the toy tab is the framing Process. The toytab prominently uses welding operation and some hemmingoperation. All these operations are carried out by robots [18],[19].Framing: – In framing, we will get an almost integratedoutlook of the chassis. The parts that assembled in thisframing process are the toy tab and side panel assemblies andthe roof of the Automobile [18], [19]. All the parts of theframing process assembled on the toy tab [18], [19]. On thetoy tab, the assembly will be on the side panels of theAutomobile, and then after the roof of the Automobile isassembled on the panels [18], [19]. This process is the mostimportant step in the BIW to get an integrated chassis or body[18], [19]. And this body after framing will be sent for amanual inspection for the checking of the dents in the bodyand this framed body is sent to the piercing of any requiredholes on the frame for further processing [18], [19].Panel line: – This is the final stage of the BIW, where weassemble the fenders, liftgate, and fuel door. So, this panelassembly will have all the entire part of BIW except the doorsof the Automobile [18], [19].Assembly: – This final assembly in BIW will mainly havethe assembly of the doors, hood, and tailgate, trunk lid[18],[19]. By this assembly, the entire Process of BIWcompleted, and this complete assembly is taken out for thefinishing process. Then there will be a final inspection foreach assembly, and then the certified body will only beallowed to the next department, i.e., Paint shop [18], [19].C. Painting DepartmentFigure 5: Painting Department (3), (14)Paint application is the most required process for vehicleproduction, and it is not exclusively done for covering butalso for the safety of body surface, it also increases the visualinterest by adding the shades aswell as the shine and imperativeoffering focus [20], [21]. CarInternational Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-2, December 2019444Published By:Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering& Sciences PublicationRetrieval Number: B6435129219/2019©BEIESPDOI: 10.35940/ijitee.B6435.129219paint will be paint used on cars for both embellishment andsecurity reasons [20], [21]. The mostly used water-basedacrylic polyurethane lacquer paint is presently utilized paintfor the painting process is done after the body of the vehicle isassembled [20], [21]. The painting process is done to givemore attraction to the vehicle, good appearance, and toprovide a protective layer against the corrosion as well as theweathering. There are main four major process involved in thepaint shop [20], [21]. They are 1. Pre-treatment, andElectrodeposition or E-Coating, 2. PVC sealing, 3. Primercoat painting, 4. Topcoat painting [20], [21].Pre-Treatment:After completion of B-I-W, it is important to clean the bodysurface to get rid of all the deposits obtained during differentoperations, and this cleaning process is done through threedipping processes, 1. Degreasing, 2. Conditioning, 3.Phosphating. After cleaning, the Pre-Treatment process donewhere it acts as a primer to bond onto the metal [20], [21].Electrodeposition or E-Coating:The next Process is Electrodeposition or E-Coating, wherethis Process is done to prevent the metal body from corrosion,this Process is done and depends upon various types of sheetsthat are used for car body materials [20], [21].Rust Proof Materials: PVC Sealing:PVC is Polyvinyl Chloride Sealing and applied to doors,trunk, hood, dashboard, and all the exterior and interior joints.And also used mostly for Underbody to achieve noise-proofplatform and to reduce the vibrations that occur in B-I-W, thisalso helps the Underbody from rust and corrosion andchipping protection [20], [21].Primer:After PVC Sealing the next step is applying primer to thebody, and it is of three types 1) Powder Type, 2) Water-borne,3) Solvent-borne, Primer helps as an adhesive between theE-Coating and Topcoat providing the corrosion protectionand appearance of the vehicle [20], [21].Topcoat:The next step in this process is topcoat, and it has two stepsa) Basecoat and b) Clearcoata) Basecoat: The Basecoat is usually for the primarycoloring pigment for the vehicle [20], [21].b) Clearcoat: The Clearcoat is usually for theprotection of UV light, environmental effects, andprovide a smooth finish for the vehicle [20], [21].Spray Coating:The last and final process is Spray Coating, where tinydroplets of paint are absorbed in a continuous gaseous phasethat applies to the parts and complete body. This Processgives the fine finish of the paint, and the appearance furnishedwith the quality look. After this process, the heat generationprocess is done for sticking the paint to the body, while thisProcess continuous other small parts form the storage is alsoin Process of the above coatings and join in another line. Theyboth get assembled, and the painting process is completed[20], [21].Inspection and Storage:After the last spray coating operation, the final steps are toinspect the quality of the painting operation, a thorough checkfor every part of the body done, and this Process is done eithermanually or in automated testing condition. Only afterthorough and rigorous inspection, the vehicle sent toassembly. Otherwise, the vehicle has the repeat all theprocesses again till the final quality standards are met, and thecar body is sent to Storage / Assembly department [20], [21].D. Final AssemblyAssembly line usually consists of many numbers ofworkstations, and it is important where all the components ofthe B-I-W and Mostly, the Powertrain of the Automobile areassembled sequentially in a fixed pattern [22].In this assembly process and/or department, most of thework carried out manually, and the workers move along withthe conveyor to complete the task at that station. They willscale back to the initial position to work on the nextAutomobile in the line [22].Figure 6: Final AssemblyAfter the painting process completed, the B-I-W will move tothe final assembly department. In the first station, the primaryoperation is to dis-assemble the doors from the rest of thebody, dashboard, and other instrumentation panels are fixed.This process is completed manually by the workers. The nextstation is the most important, and it is the assembly of B-I-Wto Powertrain, which is termed as marriage station, here thebody and powertrain meet together. A lot of many assemblyworks are carried out, and this station the Automobile gets itscomplete structure and final appearance, in the next station’swheels, seats. Finally, the doors installed to the Automobile,which previously removed for assembly process to theAutomobile and all the necessary tests for the engine, chassisdid, and a thorough final inspection is conducted to thevehicle and stored in the warehouse for distribution aroundthe world [22].Process Design and System Layout for an Automobile Manufacturing and Assembly Plant445Published By:Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering& Sciences PublicationRetrieval Number: B6435129219/2019©BEIESPDOI: 10.35940/ijitee.B6435.129219V. RESULT AND DISCUSSIONIn this paper, the complete manufacturing of the mainautomobile line had discussed, and step by step productionprocesses had explained according to their departments ineach section, respectively [23]. As the Technologicaladvancements in the Automobile Industry is growing day byday globally, and with increase in customers demand forvariety of variants in Automobile it is important to understandthe flow and complexity of Automobile in order to reduce thelead time for faster production, better use of equipment and anincrease in Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), and itsnear to impossible to change the system [23].VI. CONCLUSIONTo apply Discrete Event Simulation (DES) for anAutomotive OEM and increase the OEE with a reduction inBottlenecks. It is important and necessary to recognize thecomplexities involved in manufacturing of Automobile and tounderstand the Process and/or Product flow to identify thebottlenecks, improve the equipment efficiency and overallimprove the plant productivity, This work helps to identify thecomplete processes that are operating in Automobile industryand will help to study and implement DES for overallimprovement in OEE [23].VII. FUTURE SCOPEThe next step for this work is to use the layout described inthis paper with the help of DES to create a simulationenvironment using the methodology proposed by law andAndres Skoogh [24] and try to remove the bottlenecks andimprove performance and Efficiency this layout and check theoverall improvement in the plant layout. One of the biggestchallenges that the Automobile OEMs will face in the future isto realize change and the need to adapt to the electric vehicle’stechnology. This paper can be useful to simulation experts toobserve the process changes that happen in differentdepartments and can act accordingly how well the plant isperforming during these changes [23], [24].ACKNOWLEDGMENTThis paper presents some of the conclusions obtainedwhile working for a Discrete Event Simulation project by theteam through studying various research articles andexamining the Automotive systems.We want to thank Dr. A. Srinath and Dr. D. 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Akafuah, Sadegh Poozesh, Ahmad Salaimeh, GabrielaPatrick, Kevin Lawler and Kozo Saito, Evolution of the AutomotiveBody Coating Process—A Review, Coatings 2016, 6, 24;DOI:10.3390/coatings602002422. Arun B. Rane, Vivek K. Sunnapwar, Assembly line performance andmodeling, Journal of Industrial Engineering International, September2017, Volume 13, Issue 3, pp 347–355.23. Amith A Kulkarni, Dhanush P,Chetan B S, Thamme Gowda C S,Prashant Kumar Shrivastava,Recent Development ofInternational Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-2, December 2019446Published By:Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering& Sciences PublicationRetrieval Number: B6435129219/2019©BEIESPDOI: 10.35940/ijitee.B6435.129219Automation in Vehicle Manufacturing Industries, International Journalof Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN:2278-3075, Volume-8, Issue-6S4, April 201924. D. Phanindra Kshatra et al., A Methodology to Adapt and Understanda Manufacturing System and Operations using Discrete-EventSimulation, International Journal of Engineering and AdvancedTechnology (IJEAT), ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-8 Issue-6, August2019.AUTHORS PROFILEMr. D. Phanindra Kshatra, working as AssistantProfessor in the Department of Mechanical Engineeringof Koneru Lakshmaiah Educational Foundation ofAndhra Pradesh state in India. He has published manyinternational journals in various reputed Journals. Hisarea of interest is in Discrete Event Simulation, DES inLean, Lean Flow, Kanban Systems, and Simulation methodologies. Atpresent, his area of research is going on Discrete Event Simulation forAutomobile Manufacturing.S. Akhil is an IV Year, B-Tech Mechanical EngineeringStudent at Koneru Lakshmaiah Educational Foundation,Vaddeswaram, Guntur (DT)Ch. Uday Kiran is an IV Year, B-Tech MechanicalEngineering Student at Koneru Lakshmaiah EducationalFoundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur (DT)Ch. Yaswanth is an IV Year, B-Tech MechanicalEngineering Student at Koneru Lakshmaiah EducationalFoundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur (DT)M.Vineeth is an IV Year, B-Tech MechanicalEngineering Student at Koneru Lakshmaiah EducationalFoundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur (DT)
