Armstrong, Elizabeth A., Miriam Gleckman-Krut, and Lanora Johnson. “Silence, power, and inequality: An intersectional approach to sexual violence.” Annual Review of Sociology 44 (2018): 99-122.
Behzadi, Negar Elodie. “Women miners’ exclusion and Muslim masculinities in Tajikistan: A feminist political ecology of honor and shame.” Geoforum 100 (2019): 144-152.
Engeli, Isabelle, and Amy Mazur. “Taking implementation seriously in assessing success: The politics of gender equality policy.” European Journal of Politics and Gender 1.1-2 (2018): 111-129.
Goetz, Anne Marie, and Rob Jenkins. “Participation and Protection: Security Council Dynamics, Bureaucratic Politics, and the Evolution of the Women, Peace, and Security Agenda.” Handbook of Gender and Conflict (2018): 119-131.
Morris, Edward W., and Kathleen Ratajczak. “Critical masculinity studies and research on violence against women: An assessment of past scholarship and future directions.” Violence against women 25.16 (2019): 1980-2006.
Sande, Nomatter. “Faith and Equality: Rethinking women in leadership positions in Pentecostalism.” Journal of Gender and Religion in Africa 23.1 (2017): 50-62.
Schuler, Margaret, and Barbara Stob. “Women and the Law.” The Women and International Development Annual. Routledge, 2019. 155-187.
Tariq, Memoona, and Jawad Syed. “An intersectional perspective on Muslim women’s issues and experiences in employment.” Gender, Work & Organization 25.5 (2018): 495-513.
The subordination of the sexuality of women is particularly noted through instances of violence, rape, sex trafficking, and other vices that women endure. Schuler (155-187) identifies women’s voices towards the oppression they face, and the need for legal action against society’s perceptions of women. The foundation of political institutions is based on the pre-political state and the pre-social nature to uphold and respect people’s rights. A nation governed through liberty advocates for equity between its citizens despite the differences based on race, ethnicity, and gender. Engeli (111-129) discusses gender-based violence, and how politics advocates for sexual equality. However, regardless of the law, society has not been compliant with the laws of equality between men and women, more specifically men who view women as nothing more than sexual beings. They feel that they have a right to mistreat women, and due to past cases where the men who oppressed women were not prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law, gives the impression to others that if they commit a similar act, they can ‘get away with it’.
Traditionally, gender disparity is the primary influence that results in the power of a given group. Political laws should provide power to both genders, giving them the desired control over how they live their lives. Armstrong (99-122) explains how power has been structured against women’s rights, resulting in women’s violation and sexual oppressions. In history, the male is considered superior in society, whereas the females are considered inferior to their male counterparts. Therefore, the patriarchal structure of male dominance exposes women to oppression. The voice of females crucially impacts power dynamics in society, they advocate for equality through standing up for what is right and ensuring that their voice is heard, through movements such as feminism (Tariq and Jawad 495-513). Today’s political systems should focus on women through formulating laws that encompass them.
Traditionally, the majority of political and high positions in society were occupied by males, while women were viewed as existing to support the males needs. Hence, the law formed for society are based on the opinion of the male, and what benefits them, while females are not represented. This type of governance results in the injustice towards females through the gain of the males in society (Behzadi 144-152). Due to the misconduct that women face, they are rightfully geared towards the attainment of equality. Sande (50-62) recognizes the concept of equality and how effective it is in the formulation of the social structure. This can start to be achieved when women are represented in leadership positions and their voice respected equally in regards to advocating for justice. The Supreme Courts and federal government considers the equality plea a significant issue in society. As a result, analysis of law would be essential in understanding how women’s rights should be looked into, to mitigate women’s sexual subordination.
Sexual violence against women and young girls poses a significant threat to equality and advocation to human rights. Morris (1980-2006) analyzes the different types of masculinity theories which can be used to understand the superiority of men over women. Men have taken extreme measures to assert their masculinity differences, resulting in rape and domestic violence. Therefore, the significance of the research topic can be achieved by the understanding why men have associated sexuality with women, the implications of measures that have been taken to assert that prejudice, and how it has contributed to the oppression of women in society.
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