Paper Background. : Home and Community-Based Services for Mental Illnesses Patients
The problem that exist is the importance of HCBS programs within the community. According to Centers for Medicare and Medicaid services, “Home and community-based services (HCBS) provide opportunities for Medicaid beneficiaries to receive services in their own home or community rather than institutions or other isolated settings.” By demonstrating the effectiveness on the program and evaluating the before and after will help prove how HCBS has taken a load off mental illness patients. The existing literature within this study would demonstrate how mental illness patients are seen and different community interventions that are already in play. It also focuses on the effectiveness of HCBS programs and how it helps improve the quality of life. The articles listed in this annotated bibliography shows how HCBS has been effective and why they should be implemented. From recent research findings in the Chen article, it shows that HCBS increases home satisfaction and it is more helpful than putting mental illness patients in facilities. By conducting this research, it could help add to the existing topic of how HCBC has improved, the quality of life before HCBS existed, and how it is effective.
2.2 Need for the Project and Evidence to Make Change
The program evaluation on the effectiveness of HCBS/IDRD waiver for people with mental issues has been successful from the past to the present. The IDRD waiver is known for Intellectual Disability and related Disabilities waiver, which is consider a 1915c Medicaid wavier. The HBCS, waiver allows states to participate in Medicaid to develop alternative services for individuals who require care in a nursing or medical facility (Orner, 2015). The overall goal is to evaluate on how the program has been effective. This program has evolved in different levels, which has allowed it to offer a strong package that is significant in assisting individuals who wish to receive care whole within the community or at home. These services have largely helped the individuals to receive quality care that is patient-centered to improve their daily lives. A few issues that occur without having HCBS within the community is the patient can feel neglect if they are away from the family, cost can be a barrier, and the lack of access to the outside world. However, not only would the patient experience issue, however it can have challenges for HCBS providers as well. For example, according to CMS, “lack of 24/7 medical professional availability, caregiver burnout, access to providers, availability of qualified caregivers, and etc.. (CMS, 2021) This study is important because it can tell us rather the HCBS with a focus on IDRD programs has been successful over the past few years and how it has grown. This will benefit the agency, the clients, and different states who may offer a similar program. It will be beneficial because it will examine past data with present data. Sands, Thomas, Paul, and Rosenman (2012), demonstrated in their research that, “Future policies and practices that are focused on optimizing long-term care outcomes should consider that a greater volume of HCBS for an individual is associated with reduced risk of nursing-home placement.” This is why an analysis of the effectiveness of HCBS programs are needed.
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