Lecture 3: A Brief History of the Modern Police Function
Left-overs from last week: Police Knowledge Work: Post Hoc and Pre Cog ~ Investigation and Intelligence
Criminal intelligence is information compiled, analysed, and/or disseminated in an effort to anticipate, prevent, or monitor criminal activity.
Discuss: Pros and Cons of Intelligence Led Policing
There are concerns about many vulnerabilities, including bad or biased data or human error in the collection of data.
Issues of transparency also arise.
The Emergence of Modern Policing in Europe
Prior to the French Revolution, policing in Europe was largely a private affair. Public Policing has it’s modern origins in the development of the modern state
Discuss: the difference between sovereignty and governance (civilization and pacification.)
Criminal Justice Reform: Moving away from the physical spectacle of torture and arbitrary punishment. Certainty over Severity
Police and the English Common Law Tradition: The courts role in establishing the principles of legality as a form of social control (versus more militaristic strategies of repression.)
Police and the American Frontier: At every level and in every aspect of American governance, capacity, and expenditure were weak in comparison to those of Europe.
The British model of ‘impersonal’ policing representing the ‘public good’ with ‘public consent’ evolved slowly and in tandem with the urbanization of cities. Modern policing once again born out necessity. Yet, unlike the European experience, early modern attempts at public policing in the US were less centralized, more discretionary, heavily armed and ‘personal.’
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