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Digestion, vitamins, minerals and electrolyte balances

Quiz Instructions

You will have 66 minutes to complete this test. You will not be able to go back and change your answers once you have submitted them.

Note: this is a timed quiz. You may check the remaining time you have at any point while taking the quiz by pressing the keyboard combination SHIFT, ALT, and T… Again: SHIFT, ALT, and T…
Flag question: Question 1

Question 1

The nurse who is obtaining a medical history on a patient, states that he is has gastric reflux from time to time and it burns.  The nurse explains that which of the following an example of a gastric secretion?

Group of answer choices

pancreatic amylase.

hydrochloric acid.

bile.

intestinal lipase.

Flag question: Question 2

Question 21 pts

A student nurse is studying digestion of carbohydrates and protein and understands that after absorption, the end products of carbohydrate and protein digestion enter the?

Group of answer choices

blood system.

bowel.

lacteal.

bile duct.

Flag question: Question 3

Question 31 pts

A student nurse is attempting to explain to their patient who does not understand how his grilled cheese sandwich gives him energy, the complexity of taking in food into the body that the process of digestion involves?

Group of answer choices

thermal and chemical actions.

chemical and metabolic actions.

mechanical and chemical actions.

mechanical and thermal actions.

Flag question: Question 4

Question 41 pts

A nurse is explaining to a patient about the complexities of digestion and there are many mechanical and chemical processes that take place in order for the body to use the food it takes in. Which of the following foods would require peptidases to assist in its chemical digestion?

Group of answer choices

Margarine

A banana

Chicken

Orange juice

Flag question: Question 5

Question 51 pts

A student nurse noticed that the patients family member brought a homemade meal for the patient that consisted of of country-fried steak, carrots, and a baked potato with butter and sour cream.  The student understand the meal would stimulate the hormone cholecystokinin because of the?

Group of answer choices

presence of fat in the duodenum.

entry of bile into the duodenum.

presence of food in the duodenum.

entry of the acidic chyme into the duodenum.

Flag question: Question 6

Question 61 pts

A patient is getting ready to go have their coloscopy done and the patient asks what is the large intestine primary purpose in the digestion process.  The nurse explains that primary nutritional function of the large intestine is the?

Group of answer choices

absorption of fats.

completion of the digestive process.

absorption of water.

excretion of waste products.

Flag question: Question 7

Question 71 pts

A patient is complaining of flatulence.  The student nurse attempts to explain to the patient that gas formation in the colon is the result of the?

Group of answer choices

bacterial action on undigested items.

ingestion of certain foods.

inadequate ingestion of fiber.

ingestion of too much water.

Flag question: Question 8

Question 81 pts

The nurse who is discussing with the patient that the sum of basal metabolism, energy expended in physical activity, and the thermic effect of food is known as?

Group of answer choices

the metabolic rate.

energy intake.

the total energy requirement.

basal energy needs.

Flag question: Question 9

Question 91 pts

A patient is having trouble gaining weight following a long illness.  The nurse explains that which of the following foods has the greatest caloric density and might a good choice to get calories due their decreased appetite?

Group of answer choices

Milk

A banana

Bread

Nuts

Flag question: Question 10

Question 101 pts

During a patients intake the nurse asks if the patient follows a special diet.  The patient stated that they do not, but their job is such that they go for a long period of time without eating until an early dinner and they also stated that they do not eat breakfast prior to work.  The nurse understands that the first source of stored energy to be used during a period of fasting is?

Group of answer choices

amino acids.

glycogen.

adipose tissue.

glucose.

Flag question: Question 11

Question 111 pts

Mr. Jones normally has a basal metabolic rate of 1500 kcal. He develops a fever of 100.6° F. His rate would now be approximately _____ kcal.

Group of answer choices

1600

1710

1830

1550

Flag question: Question 12

Question 121 pts

The nurse at a weight loss clinic is calculating the estimated daily basal metabolic rate for a new client who is a man who weighs 150 lb is _____ kcal, it is ?

Group of answer choices

1575

1686

1500

1636

Flag question: Question 13

Question 131 pts

A patient at a weight loss clinic needs to know how many calories they use at rest in order to find out their energy needs, the clinic uses Indirect calorimetry which is used to measure?

Group of answer choices

body mass index

basal or resting energy expenditure.

energy expended in physical activity.

the thermic effect of food.

Flag question: Question 14

Question 141 pts

A patient is being discharged and is concerned that his weight has gone up as he has aged.  The nurse instructs the patient that a 75-year-old man’s energy intake should focus on meals?

Group of answer choices

high in calories with nutrient-dense foods.

low in calories and high in fiber and meat.

with lower energy density and high nutrient density.

high in energy, vitamins, and minerals.

Flag question: Question 15

Question 151 pts

Two student nurses are discussing what effects the body’s metabolism rates such as eating .  They both understand that the term for the effect of food intake on the metabolic rate is?

Group of answer choices

the resting metabolic rate.

the total energy requirement.

indirect calorimetry.

the thermic effect of food.

Flag question: Question 16

Question 161 pts

A patient who was recently admitted for a high fever, is not interested in eating and is underweight.  The nurse understands that it is more important to eat while a patient has a fever due to a fever increasing the basal metabolic rate by approximately?

Group of answer choices

7% for each 1° C increase.

1% for each 1° F increase.

7% for each 1° F increase

1% for each 7° F increase.

Flag question: Question 17

Question 171 pts

A nurse is at the doctors office is attempting to explain to the patient about  what controls our basal metabolic rate, it is the hormone?

Group of answer choices

thyroxine.

insulin.

growth hormone.

cortisol.

Flag question: Question 18

Question 181 pts
The total number of kilocalories in a snack that contains 10 g carbohydrate, 2 g protein, and 5 g fat is _____ kcal.
Group of answer choices

93

17

68

153

Flag question: Question 19

Question 191 pts

A nurse is explaining to a patient that does not want to eat while in the hospital because he is normally very active is he does not want to gain a lot of weight.  The nurse explains that energy expenditure occurs even at rest due to metabolically active tissues in the body which include?

Group of answer choices

the heart, kidneys, and liver.

the brain, nerves, and hair.

all body tissues.

the liver, kidney, fingernails, and toenails.

Flag question: Question 20

Question 201 pts

Synthesis of the active hormonal form of vitamin D is the result of the combined action of the?

Group of answer choices

kidney, skeleton, and liver.

skin, liver, and kidney.

skin, skeleton, and liver.

pancreas, thyroid, and liver.

Flag question: Question 21

Question 211 pts

A nurse is explaining to an optometry patient the importance of Vitamin A in their diet.  The patient asks what food source is high in vitamin A, the provitamin form of vitamin A that is found in plant pigments is?

Group of answer choices

beta-carotene.

beta-xanthophyll.

chlorophyll.

calciferol.

Flag question: Question 22

Question 221 pts

A student nurse who is studying nutrition, understands that vitamin E protects membranes because it acts as a ?

Group of answer choices

a clotting factor.

a barrier.

peroxide.

an antioxidant.

Flag question: Question 23

Question 231 pts

The vitamin thiamin is important in the body’s overall function.  The three body systems that can be affected by a thiamin deficiency are the?

Group of answer choices

nervous, respiratory, and urinary systems.

gastrointestinal, respiratory, and endocrine systems.

lymphatic, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems.

nervous, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems.

Flag question: Question 24

Question 241 pts
The vitamin most closely associated with protein metabolism is
Group of answer choices

choline.

folic acid.

thiamin.

pyridoxine.

Flag question: Question 25

Question 251 pts

A student nurse is learning about Vitamin D in her nutrition class and attempting to figure out which of following patients would be most at risk for vitamin D deficiency is a?

Group of answer choices

12-year-old girl who plays soccer at the local playground twice a week.

62-year-old woman who lives in a cold climate and rarely goes outdoors.

42-year-old man who plays golf once a week.

28-year-old mother who breastfeeds her 5-month-old infant and takes a daily stroll in the neighborhood.

Flag question: Question 26

Question 261 pts

A nurse is attempting to explain to an elderly patient who has a broken hip about the importance of calcium in the diet.  The hormones that participate in calcium metabolism are?

Group of answer choices

cortisone and epinephrine.

estrogen and oxytocin.

aldosterone and thyroxine.

parathyroid and calcitriol.

Flag question: Question 27

Question 271 pts
A good food source of niacin is
Group of answer choices

a banana.

a tomato.

beef.

oatmeal.

Flag question: Question 28

Question 281 pts
The amino acid that can be converted to niacin in the body is
Group of answer choices

valine.

tryptophan.

leucine.

phenylalanine.

Flag question: Question 29

Question 291 pts
Foods rich in phytochemicals include
Group of answer choices

soy milk and tofu.

fruits and vegetables.

mushrooms and algae.

yogurt and goat’s milk.

Flag question: Question 30

Question 301 pts
The fat-soluble vitamin responsible for the synthesis of blood-clotting factors by the liver is vitamin
Group of answer choices

E.

K.

A.

D.

Flag question: Question 31

Question 311 pts
A 62-year-old woman who smokes one pack of cigarettes a day and whose food intake records reveal a minimal intake of vitamin C foods is most likely to be at risk for
Group of answer choices

easy bruising and pinpoint hemorrhages.

cracked and bleeding lips.

neurologic disorders.

fevers and infections.

Flag question: Question 32

Question 321 pts
An athlete who increases his or her intake of pasta will also increase his or her need for
Group of answer choices

thiamin.

vitamin C.

folic acid.

pyridoxine.

Flag question: Question 33

Question 331 pts

An alcoholic that was recently admitted to the unit.  The nurse understands that an alcoholic is most likely to be deficient in?

Group of answer choices

folic acid.

pyridoxine.

biotin.

thiamin.

Flag question: Question 34

Question 341 pts
A vitamin that behaves more like a hormone than a vitamin is vitamin
Group of answer choices

E.

D.

K.

A.

Flag question: Question 35

Question 351 pts
Spinach, carrots, and sweet potatoes are good sources of
Group of answer choices

vitamin E.

vitamin A.

beta-carotene.

vitamin D.

Flag question: Question 36

Question 361 pts
A good food source of vitamin K is
Group of answer choices

pork.

sunflower oil.

oranges.

spinach.

Flag question: Question 37

Question 371 pts
A toxic level of vitamin D is most likely to result in
Group of answer choices

hyperpigmentation.

calcification of soft tissues.

liver damage.

blindness.

Flag question: Question 38

Question 381 pts
The primary function of vitamin D is to regulate the absorption and metabolism of the minerals
Group of answer choices

sodium and potassium.

iron and phosphorus.

sodium and calcium.

calcium and phosphorus.

Flag question: Question 39

Question 391 pts
Liver is a rich source of
Group of answer choices

vitamin A (retinol).

vitamin C.

vitamin D.

vitamin E.

Flag question: Question 40

Question 401 pts
Fish liver oils are a good source of
Group of answer choices

vitamin E.

vitamin D.

protein.

iron.

Flag question: Question 41

Question 411 pts
A vitamin D deficiency in growing children that results in the malformation of skeletal tissue, especially the long bones, is referred to as
Group of answer choices

osteoporosis.

pellagra.

scurvy.

rickets.

Flag question: Question 42

Question 421 pts

An nurse who is working at obstetric doctors office is counseling a new pregnant mother about the importance of folic acid in the diet to prevent certain birth defects.  The best food source of folic acid is?

Group of answer choices

broccoli.

chicken.

cheese.

grapefruit.

Flag question: Question 43

Question 431 pts
The last organ involved in the production of the physiologically active form of vitamin D is the
Group of answer choices

liver.

skin.

intestine.

kidney.

Flag question: Question 44

Question 441 pts
A young woman who is interested in becoming pregnant should be counseled on healthy eating choices, especially regarding folate-rich foods, which may help prevent
Group of answer choices

aplastic anemia.

neural tube defects.

osteomalacia.

pernicious anemia.

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