The direction of causation in a correlation is also something that cannot be determined in nonexperimental research. It might be that X causes
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The direction of causation in a correlation is also something that cannot be determined in nonexperimental research. It might be that X causes Y, but it also could be that Y causes X. For the following correlations, discuss the two directions that the correlation may be interpreted, and which you think is more likely to be right.
1. The more fish consumed on average per person in a country, the lower the rate of depression.
2. The higher one’s physical activity level, the higher one’s self-esteem tends to be.
3. College students who drink more alcohol tend to have lower grades.
Select one of the correlations from above and explain how you could use an experimental design to establish causation.
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