What Physico-chemical Properties of the Clay Minerals

Assignment Task

Task

In a wellbore, we ran a logging string consisting of resistivity logs and both neutron and density porosity devices. What physico-chemical properties of the clay minerals present in the sandstone formation of interest may influence the formation evaluation and why?

1- The porosity measured in a formation is dependent upon the physical properties of the rock fabric making up the formation. Detail the principal controls on porosity

(b) In the same formation, detail how porosity and permeability might be affected by the presence of fractures.

(a) The minerals that make up reservoir rocks give off Natural Gamma radiation. What are the three radioisotopes that we commonly detect using the spectral gamma method?

(b) What minerals may be principally responsible for these responses? Name two of the commonest sources of radiation of each spectral type.

The invasion of the drilling fluid into the formation results in a fluid distribution profile when we log a well. Sketch the resultant resistivity profile in terms of its distance away from the well bore, and show the relative resistivity of deep, medium and shallow investigation logs, when run in the following fluids: Fresh mud, Salt-water zone. Salty mud, Hydrocarbon zone

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