Both questions need to be answered in only 2-3 paragraphs, preferably 3-4 sentences each paragraph. (concise) 1. Please describe the following characteristics of Homo erectus, Neandertals, and anatomically modern humans: skull height: high/low, skull length: long/short, brow ridge size: large/small. Define the Out of Africa and Multiregional Continuity hypotheses for modern human origins. Which one do you feel best fits the appearance of modern humans? Describe evidence for cultural transmission in Homo erectus, Neandertals, and anatomically modern humans. Describe evidence for symbolic culture in Neandertals and modern humans.
2. The Neolithic period marked a significant change in human history with the development of agriculture and the domestication of plants and animals. Discuss how morphology of modern humans’ faces, mandibles, and teeth changed after the shift to agriculture and consumption of softer foods. Provide specific evidence from the skeletons and teeth of early agriculturalists. Then describe the negative consequences of a shift from food foraging to the domestication of food in terms of pathologic evidence. If agriculture leads to negative health outcomes, why is it the dominant subsistence strategy in modern countries today?

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